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B&W
- Term used to mean black and white
Back
Lit - The subject is heavily lit from behind
which generally causes it to be underexposed unless
you use critical spot metering.
Backlight
- The illumination for a colour LCD display. Early
colour LCD used high voltage fluorescent lamps, newer
LCDs now use white LEDs which are much more energy
efficient.
Banding
- An artifact of colour gradation in computer imaging,
when graduated colours break into larger blocks of
a single colour, reducing the "smooth" look
of a proper gradation.
Barrel Distortion - A common geometric lens distortion
causing an acquired image to pucker toward the center
and be "rounded" along the outer edges.
Bit
- The smallest unit of memory; a contraction from
'binary' and 'digit'. Binary digits are 0 and 1, also
known as ons and offs.
Bit
Depth - This refers to the colour or gray scale
of an individual pixel. A pixel with 8 bits per colour
gives a 24 bit image. (8 Bits X 3 colours is 24 bits.)
24 bit colour resolution is 16.7 million colours.
Bitmap
- The method of storing information that maps an image
pixel, bit by bit. There are many bitmapped file formats,
.bmp, .pcx, .pict, tiff, .tif, .gif, and so on. Most
image files are bit mapped. This type of file gives
you the 'jaggies', when examined closely you can see
the line of pixels that create the edges.
Bleed
- Printing term referring to an image or linked area
that extends to the edge of the printed piece.
Blooming - A visual effect caused by overexposing
a CCD to too much light, This "digital overexposure"
can cause distortions of the subject and/or colour.
Blue
Tooth - The new wireless standard for connecting
cameras, PDAs, laptops, computers and cell phones.
Uses very high frequency radio waves. Blue Tooth devices
when in-range (less than 30 feet) of each other easily
establish a connection.
BMP
- BitMapped graphic file format popular with Windows
computers. This is an uncompressed file format like
TIFF.
Borderless
- Means a photo print with no border around it. Old
term for this was full-bleed printing.
Bracketing
- see Exposure Bracketing
Brightness
- The value of a pixel in an electronic image, representing
its lightness value from black to white. Usually defined
as brightness levels ranging in value from 0 (black)
to 255 (white).
Buffer
- A temporary storage area usually held in RAM. The
purpose of a buffer is to act as a temporary holding
area for data that will allow the CPU to manipulate
data before transferring it to a device. Also see
DRAM Buffer
Burst
Mode - The ability to rapidly capture images
as long as the shutter button is held down. Also called
Continuous frame capture.
Byte
- An ensemble of eight bits of memory in a computer.
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